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Synaptic transmission, whether chemical or electrical, results in a change in membrane potential of the post-synaptic cell. If an excitatory synapse is activated, this results in a depolarization of the p...

The Dna molecule is an antiparallel double helix made up of a sugar, a phosphate group and different bases pared with each other. These basis are Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C) and Thymine (T) and...

Special cells make a patch in the right atrium known as the sino-atrial node (SA node), these cells can depolarise themselves! When these cells depolarise, they cause depolarisation of cells nearby, these...

The lungs are highly specialised. They have alveoli which are small air sacs. Alveoli give the lungs a big surface area, meaning that more oxygen can diffuse from the lungs into the blood stream, and more...

A cytoskeleton is a structure that acts as a support for the cell. It also maintains the cell shape, holds and moves organelles. It is made from a fibre network dispered in the cell cytoplasm, attached in...