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Biology
A Level

What precisely is autoregulation in the kidney? Is it solely the ability to vary the diameters of the afferent and efferent arterioles? If so how is this controlled?

Autoregulation is the ability of any vascular bed to maintain its capillary blood supply/perfusion pressure fairly constant despite changes in mean (systemic) arterial pressure. Autoregulatory control mus...

SM
Answered by Steffi M. Biology tutor
4025 Views

How does gel electrophoresis work to separate DNA fragments of different lengths and how may the lengths of the different strands then be determined?

The process of gel electrophoresis uses the fact that DNA fragments are negatively charged (due to the bulky, negative phosphate groups within the sugar-phosphate backbone) in order to pull the fragments ...

JP
Answered by James P. Biology tutor
14936 Views

How does antibiotic resistance develop in bacterial populations?

When a course of antibiotics is taken, non-resistant bacteria should be killed. However, genetic mutations can lead to certain individuals becoming resistant to a particular antibiotic. The mutated gen...

CD
Answered by Callum D. Biology tutor
6675 Views

Explain what the stages of protein folding are and how the protein is held in its 3D shape

Break this question down into the four stages: primary, secondary, tertiary and quarternary and for each one describe the structure and what the non-covelant interactions are that hold the protein toge...

AC
Answered by Abigail C. Biology tutor
118040 Views

Explain what is meant by codominant alleles.

Codominant alleles are different to the dominant and recessive alleles studied by Mendel in his studies on pea plants. When codominant alleles are expressed together, aspects of both genes are expresse...

LP
Answered by Liam P. Biology tutor
15989 Views

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