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Short answer: Dead and/or inactive pathogens. Explanation (also to a further question: "How does this prevent infection later?") : Pathogens are microorganisms...

Red blood cell arrives from the inferior vena cava into right atrium before it passes through the tricuspid valve into right ventricle. It then passes through the pulmonary valve into pulmonary artery bef...

Detect surounding stimuli. Convert that information to impulses and send to the brain.  

Active site of (enzyme) has a specific active site, complementary to (substrate). Only that (substrate) can bind to this active site to form an enzyme substrate complex.  

We inherit two copies of a gene called alleles, one from each parent. The alleles we inherit from our parents can either be dominant or recessive. A dominant allele requires just one copy of the allele to...