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The process of DNA transcription can be split up into three stages: initiation, elongation and termination.

First, an enzyme called RNA polymerase binds to a certain sequence of bases called the pr...

Proteins are polymers (large molecules) of amino acids joined by peptide bonds. They are formed by condensation reactions, meaning water is a by-product of their formation, and there are different levels....

DNA replication is a semi-conservative process, which creates an identical replica of an already existing DNA double helix sequence. During DNA replication, the two antiparallel DNA strands are split in t...

For natural selection to occur, four conditions must exist. The first is that the population reprodces enough for there to be competition for resouces and survival between the members. The second is that ...

In myelinated axons, the myelin sheath that surround the membrane prevents action potentials forming, hence depolarisation only occurs at the nodes of Ranvier (breaks in the sheath, exposing the membrane,...