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Allergy is the result of the immune system overreacting to harmless stimuli in the environment.

Examples of stimuli or 'allergens' include pollen, dust, eggs and milk.

The b...

Peristalsis is the mechanism by which gut muscles contract. There are two main types of muscle in the gut:

-longitudinal

-circular

Together, these muscles cont...

1) enzymes are biological catalysts that will speed up reactions by reducing activation energy for the reaction. 2) Lock and key theory concerns how the enzyme (lock) only forms a reactive complex with...

There are 3 key stages in filtration through the Kidney:

1. Firstly, blood is pushed through a tubular structure called the glomerulus - imagine a bowl of noodle...

At rest the membrane potential is -70mV.

This is due to the  Na⁺/K⁺ pump, which actively transports 3 Na⁺ ions out of th...