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PRIMARY PROTEIN STRUCTURE

This is the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. These are bonded together by strong covalent bonds. 

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Lipids are a great energy reserve in both plants and animals. 
This is due to the greater number of carbon-hydrogen bonds present in comparison ...

Allergy is the result of the immune system overreacting to harmless stimuli in the environment.

Examples of stimuli or 'allergens' include pollen, dust, eggs and milk.

The b...

Peristalsis is the mechanism by which gut muscles contract. There are two main types of muscle in the gut:

-longitudinal

-circular

Together, these muscles cont...

1) enzymes are biological catalysts that will speed up reactions by reducing activation energy for the reaction. 2) Lock and key theory concerns how the enzyme (lock) only forms a reactive complex with...