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A bond formed between a metal atom and a non-metal atom in which electrons are transferred from the metal atom to the non-metal atom, forming ions. If an atom loses an electron, it becomes positively char...

Positive. The neutrons found in the nucleus have a neutral charge, however the protons are positively charged. Therefore the overall charge is positive.

As you go across the period, the number of protons increases, however the amount of shielding stays the same, so attraction of outer electrons to nucleus increases and more energy is required to remove an...

First of all we have to determine how much of the acid is dissociated, which we can do by determining the concentration of Hydrogen ions. We can work that out from the pH. pH=2, which means [H⁺...

As you go down the group, what changes? The number of shells.

As you go down the group, what doesn't change? The number of electrons in the outer shell - it is always one.

For group 1, they ...