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Gibbs Free Energy change: (delta)G = (delta)H - T(delta)S For a spontaneous chemical reaction, (delta)G must be negative. An endothermic reaction has a positive (delta)H value therefore, in order for the ...

Reversible is a term used for certain reactions that never reach a final stage. So imagine we have A and B reacting together to form C, and we say that this reaction is reversible. So at a point in time, ...

The rate of a reaction is the rate at which reagents are used up and product are formed. Reaction rates depend on concentration. A typical rate law is rate=k*[A]^m*[B]ⁿ. To find the v...

1. 0.125 M 2) 14.875 g/dm3

Ionisation energy is the energy required to remove one mole of electrons from gaseous atoms. As you go down the group there are more orbitals so the outer electron which you will remove becomes further fr...