Search over 10,000 free study notes

This is the MINIMUM energy required for a reaction to work or to be activated. If this energy is not reached, the reaction in full does not happy. Imagine a game of basketball. If you do not shoot the bal...

1 mole is just a unit of the amount of particles present in a substance. Here are several definition that all interlink: Mathematically speaking, 1 mole = mass of substance / Molecular Formula Mass. For i...

Chlorine, Cl, and Florine, F are both in group 7 of the periodic table so they have 7 electrons in the outer energy level, called valence electrons. Each fluorine atom makes one covalent bond to the chlor...

Graphite has a giant covalent structure consisting of layers of carbon atoms. Carbon atoms have 4 valence electrons that are available for bonding. In graphite, each carbon atom is covalently bonded to 3 ...

The top number is the total mass number, particles in an atom of an element that have mass are protons and neutrons. So the top number tells us how many protons and neutrons there are in an atom of that e...