Why were the overseas possessions of English kings significant in causing the Hundred Years’ War?

The first reason why English overseas possessions were significant in causing the Hundred Years' War is due to the legal status in which these possessions were held. Edward III, upon accession to the throne in 1327, was made Duke of Aquitaine, which thus gave him possession of the Gascon lands. However, Edward had to recognise the suzerainty of the French king over these territories. Because of this vassalage status, disputes in Gascon, and thus English lands, could be heard in a French court, and ultimately presided over by the King. This was a significant cause for the Hundred Years' War, as it created a dispute as to whom the rule of Gascony truly belonged. Ultimately the power of the French King to revoke a judgment of the English King in a Gascon court was wholly unacceptable for Edward III. Thus the legal status of the overseas possessions of English kings were significant in causing the Hundred Years' War.However, the economic power of the English kings through their overseas possessions were also significant in causing the Hundred Years' War. Gascony was a prime location for making wine, and wine from Gascony was prized across Europe. England thus made a great deal of money from the wine trade through their lands in Gascony. Couple this with the revenue which the English kings were gaining from their lands back in England, and the French monarchs were faced with a potentially very powerful enemy who could afford a large army. Gascony was also the last area of land still held by an English monarch in France following the 1259 Treaty of Paris. For Philip VI, the confiscation of Gascony, whilst he claimed was motivated by the betrayal of Robert of Artois, was indeed far more heavily motivated by economic reasons, and the chance to eliminate English presence on the continent for good. Thus the economic power of English possessions, and the desire to remove all English continental presence were key reasons in how these possessions caused the Hundred Years' War.

Answered by Tristan G. History tutor

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