How do Spanish gender agreements work?

Every Spanish noun is either feminine or masculine and follows an article of the same gender.

Masculine articles

​El / Un (masculine singular article) + masculine singular noun e.g. el chico

Los (masculine plural article) + masculine plural noun e.g. los chicos

Feminine articles

​La/Una (feminine singular article) + feminine singular noun e.g. la chica

Las (feminine plural article) + feminine plural noun e.g. las chicas

Masculine nouns

Most masculine nouns end in ‘O’  e.g. el libro

Usually if the noun ends in ‘OR’, ‘ÓN’, ‘ÉS’ or ‘MA’ it is masculine e.g. el jugador, el salón, el estrés, el clima

Feminine nouns

Most feminine nouns end in ‘A’ e.g. la casa

Usually if the noun ends in ‘TAD’, ‘DAD’, or ‘CIÓN’ it is masculine e.g. la libertad, la ciudad, la educación

As always in Spanish, there are some exceptions, some nouns do not follow the rules.

Irregulars

Here are some of the most common irregulars:

La mano                     El problema

La foto                        El día

La moto                      El mapa

La radio                      El programa

Plural Nouns

If the noun ends in a vowel add an ‘-S’ e.g. el perro= los perros

If a noun ends in a consonance add ‘-ES’ e.g. el ordenador= los ordenadores

If a noun ends in –z change the Z to C and add ‘-ES’ e.g.la voz= las voces