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What is endosymbiosis and how does it relate to mitochondria?

Endosymbiosis is where two organisms live together, one inside the other: endo=in, sym=together and biosis=living.

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Describe the formation of hotspots and explain their relationship to plate movement.

Radioactive deacay in the Earth's core creates extremely high temperatures which heat the lower mantle. When radioactive decay is concentrated, local thermal currents are generated in the lower mantle...

Answered by Bethan D. • Geography tutor

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Describe how seismic waves and earthquakes can be measured.

Seismic waves can be measured by seisometers. For example the 'San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth' where seisomoters have been placed in an L-shaped bore hole accross the faultline at Parkfield.

Answered by Bethan D. • Geography tutor

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Why does AlCl3 form the dimer Al2Cl6?

AlCl₃ has a trigonal planar structure. There is an aluminium atom with 3 sp₂hybridised orbitals which bond to 3 chlorine atoms. The bond angle is 120 degrees. Each chlorine atom...

Answered by Jonathan W. • Chemistry tutor

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What do you need to know to do well in the CAT?

You are not expected to have any prior knowledge about ancient languages when taking this admissions test. Rather, it is designed to test your aptitude - your ability to think in a way which will all...

Answered by Laura S. • .CATS (Classics Admissions) tutor

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