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SN1= only 1 species involved in the rate determining step = carbocation intermediate = racemic mixture = not optically active SN2= 2 species involved in the rate determining step =transition state = singl...

DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. And what is DNA? Well, it’s basically a carrier of genetic information. DNA is found in all cells, and it contains the information needed for cells to live, to grow a...

Outline a weakness - it relies on animal studies
Give evidence - Pavlov, Skinner
Explain - this makes it difficult to generalise to humans, lacks ecological validity
Link back - this makes ...

Balancing equations is making sure that all atoms, ions and charges have the same count on both sides of the equation. We start with checking metals, hydrogen and lastly oxygen and charges. In order to ba...

Semi-conservative replication would produce 2 copies that each contained one of the original strands and one new strand.  1- Weak hydrogen bonds between bases allow two strands to unzip2- 2 strands exists...