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Students should be led to understand that they can achieve top grades by coming down on either side of the argument - indeed, the surest path to a poor result in this situation is to equivocate and...

Firstly the adaptive immune response is the antigen specific response the body uses against free antigens or infected cells. It relies on the highly specialised lymphocytes, T-cells and B-cells, which are...

Stationary points are points where the gradient of a function is equal to 0. In this question the product rule can be used to find the gradient of the given function. The product rule is given by u'v+uv'...

(1 mark) Differentiate equation in the question: 4x³+8x²-4x-8(1 mark) Equate this to zero: (x-1)(x+1)(x+2)=0(1 mark) Find turning points (roots of above equation): x=1,-1,-2(1 mark) ...

Definition: an oncogenes is a gene, whose altered expression, over-expression, amplification and the presence of mutation lead to tumors arising.These most often are part of intracellular signalling pathw...