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When an individual's blood glucose concentration rises above the normal range (approximately 70-100mmol/100cm^3), alpha cells in the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas detect this change and release glu...
The first reason is that the genetic code is redundant. This means that even though different codons have different matching t-RNAs and therefore usually different amino acids, some codons are matched wit...
A mutation can occur, causing the formation of an antibiotic resistant gene within a bacteria. This bacteria will then survive the course of antibiotics and reproduce, passing on the gene by vertical gene...
The smooth muscle contracts, causing vasoconstriction. Vasoconstriction is the narrowing of the vessel lumen.
the connections within the retina explain this. there is a different density and distribution of different types of cells in the retina - the fovea, in the centre of the eye, has a high density of cone ce...
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