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Recall that the derivative of exp(x) is exp(x), but notice this question is slightly more complex due to the x^2 term. This is example of differentiationg composite functions, and so the chain rule is req...

We can understand this identity in two different, useful ways.

Firstly, we can use Euler's identities from trigonometry to obtain the desired result using straightforward algebra. We know that:

Consider the triangle ABC. Denote h the altitude through B and D the point where h intersects the (extended) base AC
Cosine function for triangle ADB.

cos α= x/c  =>  x=c*cos α
 

Using: Tan(x) = Sin(x)/Cos(x)

Using: Cos(x) = sqrt(1-Sin²(x))

Cos(A) = sqrt(1-Sin²(A)) = sqrt(1-1/3) = sqrt(2)/sqrt(3)

Therefore: Tan(A) = Sin(A)/Cos(A) = (1/sqr...