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Well first just to recap the four stages are: attention, comprehension, reactance and attitude change. Now traditionally for this sort of question I would suggest that a mnemonic would be a good strategy:...

Validity is a complex issue to understand as it is closely linked with reliability.

Ultimately, it can be defined as the extent to which something measures what it is supposed to. In simple terms, ...

A good essay will always have a good balance between outline, evaluation and (if there's a 'stem' in the question) application. You need to make sure that you outline the theory/treatment, but that you al...

There are two common forms of treatments that are based on the conditioning explanations of phobias. If phobias are acquired through classical conditioning and maintained through operant conditioning, sys...

Reinforcement is anything that increases the frequency of a behaviour. Punishment decreases the frequency. Reinforcement can be split into two categories: positive reinforcement refers to adding something...