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All group 1 elements have 1 electron in their outer shell, making this the electron that is involved in reactions. As you move down a group in the periodic table the number of shells increases, which mean...

Use the number of marks as a guide - if the paper is worth 80 marks and you're given 1.5 hours, I'd allocate 1 minute per mark which would give you 10 minutes (or more if you're quick) to check over your ...

As we appreciate the rule 1: gradient of line PQ multiplied by the gradient of the line perpendicular to it equals -1. Formula: m x mn=-1We use this to find the gradient of line PQ:Firstly, we find the gr...

Notice that 36 is a square number equivalent to 6² . Can also tell this as the expression contains no coefficients of h so they must cancel each other out. Using this information we can deduce ...

Steps: (1) Multiply out the brackets on the left handside [11a + 5c = 6d + 2dc]. (2) Put all terms containing c on one side and all other terms on the other side of the equation [ 5c - 2dc = 6d - 11a]. (3...