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The optimum temperature for enzymes in the body is around 37oC. If the body temperature falls below this temperature then enzymes will work too slowly for body process to occur fast enough the keep the ma...
One method of doing this is dormancy. Some animals spend a period of their life cycle dormant in order to lower their metabolic expenditure in conditions which would otherwise require high energy to survi...
Receptors in the skin send messages to the hypothalamus in the brain which then sends nerve impulses to effectors around the body. Examples of effectors include sweat glands, blood vessels and muscles. Th...
RNA is single stranded, whereas DNA is double stranded. RNA has a uracil base instead of DNA's thymine base. RNA has a ribose sugar, whereas DNA has a deoxyribose sugar.
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) involves many cycles of heating and cooling in order to amplify a section of DNA. You initially heat the DNA to 92C: this denatures you double-stra...
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