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Haemoglobin is a complex metal ion consisting of hexa-coordinated Fe²⁺ ions. With 6 coordinate bonds, haemoglobin forms an octahedral shape where 4 nitrogen ligands form a haem disc, a globin m...

SN1= only 1 species involved in the rate determining step = carbocation intermediate = racemic mixture = not optically active SN2= 2 species involved in the rate determining step =transition state = singl...

The outside of a bend has faster flow, which means that erosion occurs there. Over time, this means that the neck of the meander, which is the gap between 2 parallel channels in the meander, gets narrower...

DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. And what is DNA? Well, it’s basically a carrier of genetic information. DNA is found in all cells, and it contains the information needed for cells to live, to grow a...

An enzyme is a type of protein which we call a biological catalyst. In biology, a catalyst is a chemical which helps speed up reactions without being used up itself. Therefore, if you add 2ml of an enzyme...