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Heat is transferred by 3 processes, conducation, convection and radiation. Having a vacuum layer stops heat being transferred away from the coffee by conduction. Conduction works by air molecules bumping ...

The diaphragm is a large muscle located at the base of the lungs. It is naturally dome shaped when relaxed. 

When we need to inhale, the diaphragm will contract and flatten out. This increases the ...

Atoms are made up of three different types of particle. Protons and neutrons exist in the nucleus, while electrons orbit.

The relative charges of these particles mean that protons are positive whil...

Benzene to nitrobenzene / nitration of benzene. Conditions: concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid. Carried below 50^oC to avoid further substitution of nitro groups

Nitr...

The subjunctive is what's known as a "mood", which merely means that it's used in a different way to "normal" (indicative) verbs. That is, in most cases, to express an element of doubt...