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To regulate a number of processes in the body, there needs to first be recognition of current levels in order to respond in the appropriate way. For example there is a temperature "norm" (~36.9°...

This is the way that the body maintains a stable internal environment, which is vital for correct functioning of the cells in the body. For a stable environment there are several things which need to be r...

Metallic bonding occurs due to electrostatic forces of attraction between a lattice of positively charged ions and a "sea" of delocalised electrons. (Draw diagram) These electrostatic forces are...

This is a good candidate for integration by parts because it is a product of two functions – ln(x) and x^3, and x^3 is easy to integrate. The definition for integration by parts is: integral(u dv/dx) d...

Restriction enzymes cut at specific sequences named palindromic sequences. These are unique as they read the same in opposite directions. A specific palindromic sequence is complementary to a specific res...