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Validity is a complex issue to understand as it is closely linked with reliability.

Ultimately, it can be defined as the extent to which something measures what it is supposed to. In simple terms, ...

In order to remember the definition of homeostasis it is useful to memorise the mnemonic ‘MACIE’; the Maintenance of A Constant Internal Environment. Conditions in the body must be constantly controlled b...

In graphite, each carbon atom is covalently bonded to three other carbon atoms. One of the four outer shell electrons of each carbon atom is therefore not engaged in bonding, and becomes delocalised. Thes...

First realize if its length is now l/3 but its volume is constant its cross sectional area is 3a. Substitute those into the equation for resistance R=p(l/a) and you get (1/9)(p(l/a))= R/9

The strong force between two nucleons is initially repulsive. However at a distance of around 1 fm the force crosses over and becomes repulsive. The strong nuclear force is only seen to act over short dis...