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The fossil record provides a comprehensive array of evidence for evolution. For example Darwin studied Brachiopods, and within rocks you can see the clear change in the Brachiopods through time. The fo...

Pathogens are first recognised as a foreign body by the antigens on it's membrane, as they are non-self antigens. The body then triggers a response by attaching antibodies to these antigens. Phagocytes...

The DNA molecule is found within the nucleus of the cell, organised into chromosomes. In humans, there are 46 chromosomes. The DNA molecule consists of organic bases joined by sugars and phosphate mole...

Electical impulses usually arrive at the dendrites of a neuron. These then pass through the cell body and a propagated down the longest part of the neuron, the axon.Resting potentialThis is the pot...

Translation is a tricky business, endlessly requiring perfection and fine-tuning. However, in the confines of an exam translations sit between two extremes: literal, word-for-word translation which is ...