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1. Sodium (voltage-gated) channels open and Na⁺ diffuse into neuron (down concentration gradient).

2. Inside of neuron becomes positive compared to the outside, so potential is...

Inhalation is the process of breathing air into the lungs through the nose and mouth. This causes an increase in the volume of air in the lungs, meaning the pressure will decrease. This is acheived usi...

Speciation is a complex topic, and indeed what defines a species is still debated today. However, one factor is key to the process of speciation; gene flow. Gene flow between populations of a species e...

   Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic condition that results from defective chloride ion channels. Normally a protein known as the “Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator” (CFTR) transports chlo...

Cystic Fibrosis is caused by a mutation in the CFTR gene. The mutation causes a small change in the DNA's base sequence which codes for a different sequence of amino acids and therefore as a result, th...