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Calcium ions (Ca2+) have the same charge as magnesium ions (Mg2+) but Ca2+ ions have a larger ionic radius (as ionic radius increases down the group). This means Ca2+...
Step 1: Nitration of benzene Benzene + conc. H2SO4 + conc. HNO3 with heat & under reflux --> Nitrobenzene Step 2: Reduction of nitrobenzene Nitrobenzene + tin + con...
Crude oil is a mixture of different hydrocarbons, of varying length. As they have different boiling points they can be separated.Crude oil is heated/vaporised from oil to gas.These vapours enter the fract...
Ionisation energy generally increases across a period in the periodic table. This is because across a period, one more proton is added to the nucleus. This increases the quantity of positive charge so the...
The reactivity of Group 1 elements increases down the groupAs the atom becomes larger so the attraction between the positive nucleus and negative electron becomes weaker. Shielding also increases meaning ...
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