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At a divergent (constructive) plate boundary, the Earth's plates move apart from one another. Magma originating from the mantle rises to the surface, forming new crust; this process generates convection c...

Metamorphic rocks form when a rock of any classification (igneous, meta, or sed) is subjected to heat and/or pressure, resulting in recrystallisation. <...

Pillow lavas are formed when lava is emitted from the earths crust under water. The outer layer cools rapidly and hardens while the inside remains soft. A round pillow like ball of malleable rock is forme...

A mass extinction is a large decrease in the number of species over a relatively short period of time (several millions of years). The most likely cause of this species decline i...

As grains get larger, they require more energy from the transport medium to erode away.Larger grains are deposited at higher energies than smaller grains because they require an even greater amount of ene...