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Claim: For any prime p: (p-1)! = -1 (mod p)Proof: For p=2: 1! = 1 so the equality obviously holds. Therefore, we need to consider cases when p is odd.
Let's consider set: {1, ... , p-1}...

We can think of taking the logarithm base a of a number b (log_ab) as "the number of times we need to multiply a by itself to get b". So for example, log₂ 16 = 4, since we n...

This problem can be solved by squaring both sides of the inequality, as this removes the modulus from the problem. Modulus or | | means that a term can take positive and negative values, which could also ...

We can find the values of x for this equation in several ways, we can either use the quadratic formula, complete the square, or see if the equation will factorise. For x^2+8x+16, we will first see whether...

In order to differentiate something like y=3xsinx, you need to make use of the product rule. The product rule says that when you have an equation in the form y=f(x)g(x), you can find y' by using the formu...