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Validity refers to the extent to which a test measures what it sets out to measure. For example, a study may have strong internal validity if there is a causal relationship between the independent variabl...

Read over what the question is asking you carefully and look at a number of marks the question is worth. This question is worth 8 marks. You can get 4 marks from the first part of the question ‘Outline As...

Neurotransmission is when an electrical impulse travels down the axon of a neutron, releasing neurotransmitters which cross the synapses to convey messages through the central nervous system. One example ...

 A field experiment is where the independent variable (IV) is manipulated and dependent variable (DV) is measured but the experiment is carried out in a setting that is natural to the participant. This is...

Whilst it does have many advantages over biological forms of stress management, it is limited by the fact that it requires a lot of time to complete therapy and that it is very expensive. Overall, many ag...