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The Gettier Problem was popularised by Edmund Gettier's 1963 paper and is best expressed as the fact that it is possible to offer counterexamples to the tripartite account of knowledge. As always in philo...

In order to ensure that you can gain the maximum amount of marks for each question in a data-based style question in Paper 1, it is important to include the following key points. Firstly, ensure you descr...

Diffusion is the net movement of particles in solution across a partially permeable membrane. The net movement of particles is from higher to lower concentration gradient.

Osmosis is the net moveme...

The heart is a muscular pump which pushes blood out to the body. It does this by contracting the muscle fibres which sqeezes the blood out. The heart has 4 chambers. Blood comes into the top two chambers,...

Write y = sinh^(-1)(x) ie x = sinhy. Then writing this in terms of exponentials and multiplying by 2 we will get 2x = exp(y) - exp(-y). Multiply by exp(y) and rearrange to obtain exp(2y) - 2xexp(y) -1 = 0...