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Carbon has 4 electrons in its outer shell, so to fill its outer shell (which can hold up to 8 electrons) and be stable, it wants another 4 electrons. It can do this by sharing its 4 electrons in 4 strong ...

First, it is key to remember that revision and exam preparation does not have to be reserved for the last few months before the exam. Revision notes work best when they are continuously consolidated throu...

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A Cartesian equation is in the form ax + by + cz = d. The a, b and c constants are given by the normal vector to the plane so we must find this first. You find the two direction vectors of the plane by su...