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Claim: For any prime p: (p-1)! = -1 (mod p)Proof: For p=2: 1! = 1 so the equality obviously holds. Therefore, we need to consider cases when p is odd.
Let's consider set: {1, ... , p-1}...

This question was taken from a recent past paper.Let's start by working out what the examiner is looking for here. This question makes it quite obvious, as it states the words 'carbon' and 'cycle', tellin...

Hydrogen bonding is an intermolecular interaction between a partially positively charged hydrogen atom on one molecule and a partially negatively charged atom on another molecule. The difference in charge...

Animal cells and plant cells contain structures, called organelles. (ask student what an organelle is; a specialised micro-structure within a cell that has a specific function) Some of these organelles ar...

In his play 'Othello', Shakespeare portrays the relationship between the eponymous Othello and the Machiavellian Iago in a dramatic and compelling way. His subtle, yet powerful use of language, as well as...