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Gibbs Free Energy change: (delta)G = (delta)H - T(delta)S For a spontaneous chemical reaction, (delta)G must be negative. An endothermic reaction has a positive (delta)H value therefore, in order for the ...

This essay will argue that whilst the ideological divide was extremely significant, it was not the sole responsible factor in the development of the cold war. Arguments that support it being responsible: ...

Structure is integral to achieving the top marks, and can make all the difference between writing a good essay and writing a great essay. At A-Level you have probably learnt to structure your essay into t...

The first, and perhaps most important, step is to 'deconstruct' the essay question. Essentially what you need to do is find 'the heart' of the question, this will usually allude to a certain thesis that y...

1/z =1/(4+i) Multiply both top and bottom by the complex conjugate, z* = 4 - i, 1/z = (4-i)/((4+i)(4-i)) = (4-i)/(16+4i-4i-i²) = (4-i)/17 ans: 4/17 - i/17