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Amino acids are coded for by specific codons. There are some instances where some particular amino acids can be coded for by more than one codon (codon being three nucleotides bonded together). This is kn...

Language: To analyse language we analyse the poet's choice and use of lexis. It's helpful to ask: What connotations does a word carry and why might the poet have chosen to use this specific word? What lan...

We are presented with a third order polynomial with 4 terms, so we expect 3 solutions for f(x)=0. To prove that (x-2) is a factor we must insert the value of x=2 into the function and if f(2)=0 then we ha...

pH: All enzymes have an optimum pH value which is very specific. This is because hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions have very significant changes on the tertiary structure of an enzyme, whi...