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A mutation can occur, causing the formation of an antibiotic resistant gene within a bacteria. This bacteria will then survive the course of antibiotics and reproduce, passing on the gene by vertical gene...

The smooth muscle contracts, causing vasoconstriction. Vasoconstriction is the narrowing of the vessel lumen.

Oxygen is used in aerobic respiration. More energy is generated in aerobic respiration. Carbon dioxide and water are products of aerobic respiration, whereas lactic acid is the end product of anaerobic re...

Virgil’s Aeneid is an epic that can be read both from a positive and a negative stance regarding the reign of Augustus, as references to the Roman empire and the lineage of Augustus himself can be contras...

As with most verb conjugations, it's a question of applying the right patterns to the verb. I'll illustrate with porto, portare in both the active and the passive. To form the perfect subjunctive, you tak...