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There are two common forms of treatments that are based on the conditioning explanations of phobias. If phobias are acquired through classical conditioning and maintained through operant conditioning, sys...

Reinforcement is anything that increases the frequency of a behaviour. Punishment decreases the frequency. Reinforcement can be split into two categories: positive reinforcement refers to adding something...

Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) proposed a model of memory that consists of three stores: the sensory store, short-term memory and long-term memory. The sensory store receives information about the world fro...

To solve you must make sure there are the same number of either x's or y's in both equations. We will call '2x-3y=24' equation 1, and '6x+2y=-5' equation 2. If you multiply equation 1 by 3 then you get '6...

Genetic diseases with an X-linked recessive inheritance pattern usually affect only the males in a family. These diseases are inherited via mutations on the X chromosome. Females have two X chromosomes an...