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Everyone has their own ways of remembering things, but there are some good general points that might help you out.

If you just read over things, you might find that you can...

Allopatric speciation:

New species appear when one interbreeding population is split into two reproductively isolated populations, which then evolve to become separate species. Thi...

Composite cone volcanoes are made out of alternate layers of magma and ash deposits whereas shiled volcanoes consist mainly of magma deposits only.

composite cone volcanoes are also steep...

To work out the gradient of a function f(x), we need to differentiate it with respect to x, to give us f'(x). If x = a at a point, then the gradient of f(x) at that point is f'(a) (substitute a in plac...

Let us denote sin(nx) = u(x), where u is a function of x. The equation is now therefore f(x) =(u(x))^n.

For simplicity, we will write that as f(x) = u^n

By the chain rule, w...