What is the difference between xylem and phloem?

Plants have both xylem and phloem.The xylem is a tube which runs from the very ends of the roots to all other parts of the plant. Xylem transport water and minerals around the plant. Xylem are tough- they are made of dead cells which have no cytoplasm, surrounded by fibrous lignin. This lignin is impermeable to water, so the water doesn't leak out of the tube. The water is lost from the leaves and as the water is leaving the leaf, it 'pulls' the next water molecule along just enough to shift the whole tube of water up, and suck some more water out of the ground. Imagine sucking water out of a straw- if you stop sucking, the water is held in the tube and doesn't move until you suck some more! This process is also known as a transpiration stream.Phloem on the other hand, move sucrose (sugar) and amino acids (make up proteins) from one part of the plant to another through translocation. They tend to move from where they are made, to where they are stored (from root to leaf or from leaf to root, depending on season). Phloem are made of living cells which have cytoplasm. They are arranged in a long chain, and the substances move between cells, in gaps in the cell wall.