IB History question (topic: Cold War (paper II)): To what extent was the United States responsible for the collapse of the Grand Alliance at the end of the Second World War?

The US could be seen as responsible for the collapse of the Grand Alliance because it dropped the A bomb on Japan (1945) without first informing the Soviets, published the Kennan telegram (1946) and openly proclaimed the policy of containment as a part of Truman doctrine, complemented by the Marshall plan (1947). This could be seen as straining relations within the Grand Aliance because the USSR reacted by forming COMINFORM (1949) AND COMECON (1949), and responded to the establishment of NATO (1949) by setting up the Warsaw Pact (1955). However, other events speak for USSR having more responsibility for the Alliance's breakdown; Stalin weakened the London Poles by brutally crushing down the Warsaw rebellion (1944) which angered the UK and USA as well as the continued presence of the Red Army in Europe or the failure to deliver enough food to the Western Zones of divided Germany. Alternatively, ideological differences of the superpowers are seen by revisionist historians as too large to be overcome, and thus the breakdown of the Alliance might have been inevitable with no party being directly responsible.
A good IB essay should begin with an introduction outlining the time scope (1944-1949) and defining key terms, then continue to develop the points made above with figures and show the impact of each. Recommended structure is: first large paragraph = it was the responsibility of the US (with ensuing three developed pieces of evidence), second large paragraph = it was the responsibility of the USSR (again substantiated in the same way), third large paragraph = an alternative viewpoint or a combination, i.e. the breakdown was inevitable given different aims of the superpowers (again with evidence). Ideally, the points should be linked to schools of historiography, showing different perspectives. All should be summarized in a concluding paragraph which gives a balanced answer that the US was responsible for the collapse of the Alliance to a some extent because other actors (USSR) and influences (ideology, doctrine) contributed to the split.

Related History IB answers

All answers ▸

How do I write a good introduction?


'The alliance system was the most important cause of the First World War'. Discuss.


Analyse which was the most prominent form of conflict between the Soviet Union and United States during the Cold War


Analyze how the outcome of the First World War impacted the rise to power of two 20th century dictators.


We're here to help

contact us iconContact usWhatsapp logoMessage us on Whatsapptelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

© MyTutorWeb Ltd 2013–2024

Terms & Conditions|Privacy Policy