How and why are sperm cells specialised ?

Sperm cells are specialised because they have a specific function in the body- to fertilise the female gamete (egg). Therefore to carry out its job, it has special features typical body cells do not. The nucleus, which contains the genetic material is located in the head of the sperm cell. The sperm cells have a tail for swimming, optimising fertilisation. Also they are full of mitochondria to supply the energy for movement (swimming).(Bonus- maybe not for GCSE answer- On the head of the spermatozoa there is the acrosome, containing enzymes. This is so the enzymes can break down the female egg cell, so the sperm can penetrate the egg.This question is usually about 4 marks within a test so you want to make sure you have 4 separate points within the answer.

AS
Answered by Antonia S. Biology tutor

33785 Views

See similar Biology GCSE tutors

Related Biology GCSE answers

All answers ▸

Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal environment i) Explain how shivering helps to regulate body temperate. ii) Explain how sweating helps to regulate body temperature (4 marks)


Explain how a mutation in DNA could cause a non functioning enzyme to be formed


Explain how vaccinations can help to prevent infection


What are the differences between diffusion, osmosis and active transport?


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

MyTutor is part of the IXL family of brands:

© 2026 by IXL Learning