What is transcription and describe the process

What is transcription - The first step of protein synthesis occurring in the nucleus in eukaryotes. Conversion of DNA into RNA, allowing it to leave the nucleus (whilst retaining the genetic information) to bind to a ribosome where translation can occur.
Process of transcription:RNA polymerase binds to beginning of DNA (target gene)Double-helix uncoils breaking the hydrogen bonds between the two strandsRNA polymerase alligns free RNA nucleotides alongside exposed bases on template strandcytosine and guanine join by complementary base pairing and adenine binds to uracil (instead of thymine) in RNARNA polymerase travels along the molecule, joining together adjacent RNA nucleotides to form the mRNA moleculeAs RNA polymerase travels along the forming mRNA strand, it separates the DNA molecule from the mRNA moleculethe two polynucleotide strands of DNA reform hydrogen bonds to form the double helix againonce mRNA reaches the STOP SIGNAL, mRNA detaches and leaves the nucleus (via nuclear pores) and attaches to the ribosome where translation occurs to begin protein synthesis.

WM
Answered by William M. Biology tutor

2736 Views

See similar Biology A Level tutors

Related Biology A Level answers

All answers ▸

Outline the folding of a protein to form its 3D structure.


What is the Hardy-Weinberg equation?


Cells need mRNA molecules to create proteins. How are they created?


Mitosis is the process of cell division, it occurs in humans and in plants. Compare and contrast the process of mitosis in human cells and in plant cells (5 marks)


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

MyTutor is part of the IXL family of brands:

© 2026 by IXL Learning