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A principle of evolutionary psychology is that as genes mutate, those that are advantageous are passed down through a process of natural selection. This is derived from Charles Darwin's theory of evol...

Martinez & Kesner (1991) – An experiment to determine the role of neurotransmitter acetylcholine on memory formation (in hippocampus) of mazes on rats. Rats were trained to go through a maze and r...

Heston (1966) – study whether schizophrenia is genetic or not with adopted children, assuming if there are any physical and behavioural similarities between offspring and parents, that is due to genet...

·      Changes in genotype (genetic evolution via natural selection) have lead to cultural evolution in humans by promoting intelligent behaviour

·      L...

Incompleteness of the Fossil Record

▪       Fossilisation is an exceptionally rare occurrence that requires an unusual combination of special condi...