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Receptors detect and sense changes in their surroundings, called stimuli, e.g. a light receptor.
Effectors produce the response to the stimulus, e.g. a muscle.

These questions should be easy mark gainers as they don't usually require a lot of prior knowledge. However, many students find that they consistently lose all their marks on these questions. With many ex...

The student should think about this in steps starting with:

1. SAN initiates the heartbeat: The sinoatrial node (SAN) initates heart contraction by sending electrical impulses acro...

A stimulus (e.g. change in temperature, pain, etc.) results in the depolarisation of the membrane of the neuronal cell body. This depolarisation causes the membrane potential to rise from resting potentia...

There are three compartments to consider- the presynaptic neuron, the synaptic cleft and the postsynaptic neuron. In a classical excitatory synapse: 1. An action potential arrives at the presynaptic neuro...