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Firstly we need to understand the structure of membranes. Cell membranes are made up of phospholipids. These are molecules with a hydrophilic head (it “likes water”) and hydrophobic tail (which “doesn’t l...

After translation has occured in the nucleus with th DNA, the newly formed single-stranded mRNA molecule travels out of the nucleus via the nuclear pores and travels to the ribosome located in the cytopla...

1. Water evaporates from the cells and leaves the plant once the stomata open,

2. This creates a suction which pulls more water into the leaf

3. As water is cohesive d...

A vaccine is a weakened or dead form of a virus that contains the antigen of that virus.

An antigen is a protein on the surface of the virus that allows the body to identify it.

Specific T h...

Organisms do not adapt much over their lives, but in a large population there will be many different individuals. Some taller, some shorter, some may have a longer beak or a slightly different colour patt...