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Scientists have come up with many different definitions of a species over the years; reproductive isolation being key to all concepts. However the most widely accepted is the biological species concept: '...
Sources of genetic variation consist of random fertilisation and mutation. Mutation is a product of mistakes made during DNA replication. There are two main types of mutation; point gene mutation and c...
A mutation is a change in the sequence of nucleotides that make up DNA. This can be caused by a range of internal and external factors. Mutations within the coding region of genes can lead to changes i...
The RER is associated with translation of proteins, including protein folding. It is known as 'rough' because it is has ribosomes immersed in it, which makes it easy to remember the protein function.
Variation: there is variation in the physical and behavioural characteristics of a set of organisms. This variation is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
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