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Biology
A Level

Explain the principles of PCR

The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a method of DNA amplification in vitro. It consists of 3 stages - denaturation, annealing and extending. PCR relies on the use of a thermophilic Taq polymerase en...

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Answered by David B. Biology tutor
4270 Views

State the differences between introns and exons.

Introns and exons are parts of genes - exons code for proteins, whereas introns do not, ie: exons are converted into messenger RNA to allow these parts of the gene to then be transcribed into protein. ...

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Answered by David B. Biology tutor
11525 Views

Explain what is meant by active transport

Avtive transport is the transport of molecules against their concentration gradient (that is, from a low concentration to a high concentration). This mechanism requires energy, and so ATP is used up.

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Answered by Arantxa B. Biology tutor
3457 Views

The surface run-off of nitrate from agricultural fertiliser into freshwater ponds and lakes can cause the death of the fish. Explain how this happens.

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