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Meiosis is the process by which new gametes are formed in the testes and ovaries. Mitosis is the process by which all other cells of the body divide, for tissue growth and repair. One way of remembering t...

The membrane of all nerve cells maintains a potential difference of -70mV by pumping positive Na+ ions out of the cell. This is called the resting potential. A nerve impulse is a change in this potential ...

1.) First starts in the sino-atrial node. 2.) Sino-atrial node sends out regular waves of electricity to the atrial walls in order to initiate heart beat.3.) This leads to contraction of right and left at...

At the first proton pump and associated electron carrier of the inner mitochondrial membrane reduced NAD releases two H⁺ ions and two electrons. An electron travels down a series of electron ca...

Unicellular organisms have a large surface area to volume that is one cell thick, therefore they have a short diffusion distance and are metabolically inactive. Therefore, they can obtain sufficient oxyge...