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As you go across the period, the number of protons increases, however the amount of shielding stays the same, so attraction of outer electrons to nucleus increases and more energy is required to remove an...

First of all we have to determine how much of the acid is dissociated, which we can do by determining the concentration of Hydrogen ions. We can work that out from the pH. pH=2, which means [H⁺...

As you go down the group, what changes? The number of shells.

As you go down the group, what doesn't change? The number of electrons in the outer shell - it is always one.

For group 1, they ...

Simple definition: Electronegativity is the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding air of electrons to itself

Avogadro's constant is defined as the number of atoms/molecules in one mole of a substance. It's value is approximately 6.023 x 10^23.

It is often used in conjunction with the equa...