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Biofuels are fuels made from organic biomass, i.e., plant material. Sugarcane and sugar beet are sources of biofuels.

Enzymes are involved in chemical digestion. When nutrients are ingested there are many different sized molecules across the various food groups. Some of these molecules are already small enough to be abso...

Gene cloning refers to a process in which a gene of interest is ligated to a vector. The recombinant DNA thus produced is introduced in a host cell by transformation. Each cell gets one DNA molecule and w...

Within cells the two main forms of cellular exchange are diffusion and osmosis. These two terms can sometimes be mixed up as they both mean "the movement of molecules of a substance from an area of h...

Respiration is the break down of molecules in living cells to release energy. Most commonly glucose (a sugar molecule) is broken down to release energy. Aerobic respiration occurs in animal cells and plan...