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DNA replication is semi-conservative; new DNA molecule is composed of 1 old strand of DNA and 1 new strand .Many enzymes are involved in this process. The action of these can be combined into a 7 step pro...

First, the phagocyte (a specialised type of white blood cell) will recognise the pathogen by a process called chemoattraction -- this is essentially where the phagocyte 'follows' a chemic...

Because the deletion mutation would cause a frame shift in the DNA base sequence and hence would lead to the formation of new base triplets. As a result, the primary structure of the enzyme would be diffe...

Water molecules move down their concentration gradient, across the partially permeable cell membrane, from a high concentration to a low concentration. Osmosis continues until the concentration of water m...

In order for efficient gas exchange to take place, an exchange surface, such as the alveoli in the lungs, should have the following: a large surface area to volume ratio, so that diffusion can occur at a ...